In 486 intensive care patients with traumatic brain injury and anemia, transfusing at a higher hemoglobin threshold was linked to fewer poor neurological outcomes at 180 days than a restrictive strategy, though the result was fragile.
A study published Oct. 1, 2026, in JAMA Network Open estimated that 74.5% of former NFL players who died between 2008 and 2023 had chronic traumatic encephalopathy, after correcting for the bias of studying only donated brains.
A meta-analysis of the Brain Injury Guidelines, a tool to sort head injury patients with findings on a scan, found a sensitivity of 98.2% to 98.7% for ruling out deterioration, surgery and death in the mildest category, but low specificity.